La Bataille de Bautzen 1813

La Bataille de Bautzen 1813

© Marshal Enterprises 2019 https://labataille.me

La Bataille de Bautzen 1813 © by Marshal Enterprise

Included are the introductory battles of May 19, key engagements and the main battle of May 21, 1813

La Bataille de Bautzen 1813© By Marshal Enterprises

Table of Contents

1. Cover Page 2. Introduction Page 3. Strategic Situation Spring 1813 4. 1813- Napoleon’s Magic Mobilization 5. Alexander I : Spiritual Leader of the Sixth Coalition 6. Game Specific Rules a. Special Rules b. Special Unit Types and Formations c. Morale Level Chart

d. Order of Battle

e. Acknowledgements

f. Map Configuration

7. Counter Values and Facing 8. The Memorable Year 1813

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La Bataille de Bautzen 1813© By Marshal Enterprises

9.

Scenarios a. Scenario One – Main Battle - May 21, 1813 (9:40) b. Scenario Tw0 – Ney’s Grand Tactical Maneuver – May 21, 1813 (6:00) c. Scenario Three – Königswartha and Weissig - May 19, 1813 d. Scenario Four – Königswartha – May 19, 1813 e. Scenario Five – Weissig (Introduction Game) – May 19, 1813 f. Scenario Six – The Imperial Guard Attacks – May 21, 1813 (13:00) g. Scenario Seven – Oudinot’s Morning Attack – May 21, 1813 (6:00)

10.

Premier Rules ( Updated Aug 2019 )

11. Bautzen Then and Now

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Strategic Situation Spring 1813 As the last Cossacks exited the battlefield at Lutzen on May 2, 1813, both the Prussians and Russians must have felt mildly optimistic, if somewhat incomplete. The Coalition army, under the command of General Peter Wittgenstein, had survived the incessant onslaught of the new Grande Armée, and was still was able to stagger off the battlefield in one piece. The allies survived the best the Emperor Napoleon could throw at the Coalition forces. In fact, the Coalition forces had fallen into the trap Napoleon had set for them. He had dangled Ney’s corps in front of Wittgenstein and Blucher; and they had taken the bait. But now, at the end of Lutzen, the Allies were protected by their ample surplus of cavalry as they moved away from the French further east into Saxony. Though the Emperor was left in possession of the Lutzen battlefield; despite Napoleon’s best efforts, he literally did not have the horses to bring this drama to a denouement. So what led these warring parties to where they were after Lutzen. In 1812, Napoleon had disastrously led a conquering army of roughly 600,000 into Russia— less than 15% returned—most of those mainly Prussians and Austrians. Defeated by marauding Cossacks; an angry Russian populace and one of the worst winters in history, the Emperor left the remnants of La Grande Armée on December 8, 1812 (giving military command first to Murat; who in turn gave turned over his command to Prince Eugene) and returned post-haste to Paris.

Napoleon’s 1813 Spring Campaign (Map Courtesy of Wikipedia)

Eugene parried back and forth with the Russians, now joined by the Prussians in the Sixth Coalition, and gradually found himself as far west as Magdeburg on the Elbe River in April in 1813. Eugene was defeated by the Russo-Prussian army under

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Wittgenstein at First Möckern on April 5. Wittgenstein had taken over for the gravely ill General Kutusov as the overall commander of the Coalition army. Kutusov died a few weeks later. The Coalition victory at Möckern proved that the Coalition was viable against the French army in Central Germany, triggering what would be called the German War of Liberation. But the French still had Napoleon; and he had the power to change the outcome in the region. Aggressively Moving The French Forward While Eugene was defending French interests in Central Germany, back in Paris, Napoleon had immediately set himself about rebuilding the French army in France (see article on The French 1813 Miracle of Restoring La Grande Armée ). In the course of the next few months, Napoleon was able to put a few hundred thousand new troops under arms and march them to meet Eugene and the remnants of what had been the Russian invasion force in Central Germany. Napoleon arrived in Erfurt on April 25 and took over command of all French forces in the area. He immediately went on the offensive by aggressively moving the French forward with all of his corps. He set a trap by pushing Ney’s corps out by itself to attract the Coalition attention. Wittgenstein fell for the trap and attacked near Lutzen, just south of Leipzig, on May 2. Ney was able to hold the Coalition attention on the French left, while Napoleon was able to pin the Coalition troops on his center and right. The Emperor, who was first an artilleryman, was able to establish a grand battery of roughly a 100 guns which was able to wreak havoc on the Coalition center and left. If Napoleon had had any substantial amounts of good quality cavalry, he would have been able to pursue the battered Coalition army. However, he didn’t; and Wittgenstein was able to exit without much difficulty. The weakness of the French (and known by Napoleon) was demonstrated in that almost everything went right in terms of their plan, but with almost no cavalry, and horrendous casualties suffered by Napoleon’s inexperienced and de-conditioned infantry, those factors

General Peter Wittgenstein

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proved to be the difference in the size of the victory and to make it smaller than it should have been. The tactics used at Lutzen (and later Bautzen) were not nearly as effective as used in 1812 and before. Despite the relative zeal of the troops Napoleon brought to the front, those troops wilted when confronted with real dangers and real opponents. It is interesting to note, that unless Napoleon was present, the likelihood of a French victory fell precipitously during this campaign. Napoleon did not have the same Ney to assist him; and his corps and divisional commanders were not at the same level as they had been in previous campaigns. Thus, Napoleon could only bludgeon his opponents blindly with poor infantry and little cavalry. The artillery seemed to have the least decline of the three arms. Another negative factor Napoleon had to consider was the lower quality of his allied contingents. The various German states not only had been bled white during the Russian campaign, but now questioned why they should even stay with Napoleon. Most of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw was back under control of Prussia and Russia; and the Italians and Neapolitan, also with heavy losses in Russia, would soon be needed to defend Italy. After Lützow, Prince Eugene would go back to Italy to command the Army of Italy; and King Joachim of Naples would become increasingly erratic and untrustworthy despite being Napoleon’s brother-in-law. The French had several besieged Fortresses with large contingents of French troops and good quality commanders. Of note was Marshal Davout holding out in Hamburg and Count Rapp in Danzig. There were probably close to 100,000 troops in these French outposts in this sprawling region of Germany.

Marshal Jean-Baptiste Bessieres, Duc d’Istria

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Finally to compound the problems with the French cavalry was the death of one of Napoleon’s fine cavalry commanders at a most inopportune time. Marshal Jean- Baptist’s Bessieres, Duc d’Istria, was felled by a cannonball on May 1, 1813, the day before the Battle of Lutzen as the Guard Cavalry was reconnoitering the Coalition positions. Bessieres was a fine battle commander, and his loss was taken very severely by Napoleon. This only compounded the delicate French situation. Napoleon Loses Bessieres and Duroc Despite these obstacles, Napoleon pressed forward. He continued to push the Coalition eastwards past Leipzig and Dresden. The French mobilization continued to send more troops to Napoleon. At Lützow, he had roughly 150,000 troops in the general vicinity. At Bautzen, despite having lost 20,000 troops at Lutzen, the French Armies were at 200,000 less than three weeks later. But Bautzen would turn out to be very similar to Lutzen—little cavalry, inexperienced infantry and shaky allies. Similar to Lutzen, Napoleon would lose a very close friend. On May 22, Napoleon would lose General Géraud Duroc, Grand Master of the Palace and Duc de Frioul to another cannonball injury. Duroc had been with Napoleon since the first Italian campaign, and was responsible for the Emperor’s personal security and the management of the Emperor’s Household. Duroc had been attempting to pursue the defeated Coalition after their defeat at Bautzen, but it all turned into a disaster. Napoleon’s losses would affect every aspect of his command. Despite the two French victories, Napoleon felt compelled to strike an armistice with the Coalition since he couldn’t reach their army with a pursuit. The next two months would do nothing to bring Napoleon closer to victory. When the armistice ended, Austria was in Coalition; Sweden would send their army to join the Coalition forces and the Coalition’s Trachenberg Plan was put into place. The theory behind the Trachenberg plan was that the Coalition would avoid fighting Napoleon—successfully —and focus on defeating his Marshals, who were not up to the task. The plan worked and by the time the Battle of Leipzig occurs in October, the Coalition outnumbered the French 3-2 and had surrounded Napoleon. Napoleon would beat the Coalition at Dresden, but his Marshals and Generals had lost Gross Beeren; Kulm; Katzenbach; and Dennewitz, and set the stage for the defeat at Leipzig in October 1813.

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David’s Napoleon In His Study At The Tuileries (1812)

1813–Napoleon’s Magic Mobilization

Certainly one of Napoleon’s greatest military and political achievements in his entire career was the rebuilding of his La Grande Armée in 1813 in just three months. From the end of the Russian campaign, to Napoleon’s arrival in Erfurt in Central Germany on April 25 to take overall command of the French forces in Germany, the Emperor rebuilt what had been destroyed in Russia and maintained a strong political consensus in France to do so.

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Between 600,000 and 650,000 French and allied controlled troops had invaded Russia in June of 1812. When the French finally evacuated Russia in December, there were less than 80,000 troops still standing, mostly Austrians and Prussians on the wings of the French Central Army Group. The French; Polish; and other German contingents were practically wiped out. As the retreat from Russia was winding down to its miserable conclusion, and after much debate, the Marshals agreed that Napoleon should leave for Paris to address both the increasingly perilous political situation and attempt to build a new army. There had been a failed coup d’etat in November 1813 revealing the need to address political concerns at home immediately. The Emperor left the pitiful remnants of La Grande Armée for Paris on December 5, 1812. When he left the command to Murat, the King of Naples could barely muster 15,000 French and allied troops in the Central Army Group. Murat slowly moved the army westward, reaching Konigsberg on December 19, and then Posen on January 16, 1813. There, Murat decided he needed to address his own delicate political problems back in Naples, and he left Prince Eugene Beauharnais in command of the French army in Germany and Poland east of the Elbe. The Viceroy was commanding the shattered and far-flung army while also defending against Cossack raids and widespread Prussian insurrection. Napoleon, in the mean-while, had arrived in Paris at midnight on December 18. He immediately went to work. He had much to do in many areas, but his most important task was raising another army. Perhaps the Emperor’s long sled ride from Russia to Paris gave him plenty of time to put together a plan worthy of the challenge and it was nothing, if it was not comprehensive. Of course, Napoleon had a reputation for intense and extended periods of study, so it was no surprise that the Emperor was able to complete his masterful plan in a relatively short period of time. Napoleon Implements His Masterful Plan Napoleon’s plan was to put together another army of 650,000 troops by mid-1813 and be ready to hold Central Germany. Napoleon had already called up the recruit class of 1813 in the summer of 1812 in anticipation of a need to replace the heavily anticipated casualties. He also called up some previously underreported or overlooked draft-classes. Finally in February of 1813, Napoleon called up the class of 1814. In fact, much of Eugene’s army in Poland and Germany were the last bits of the Russia assigned invasion force which was only in late 1812 and early 1813 making an appearance with the French forces. Eugene had access to a Young Guard Division just arriving in Stettin and some other small forces; while General Rapp would receive two good-sized divisions to command at Danzig. Napoleon reestablished the Imperial Guard and other veteran units for use in Germany by taking 20,000 men from the existing forces in Spain. He used other clever means to restore the French forces. He also took 3500 municipal gendarmes (and their horses) and made them

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French Naval Troops Were Known As “Marines” And Fought Effectively In 1813-1814

This last item was particularly valuable. The “Marines” were naval gunners who were not being used since the French fleets were being blockaded in their harbors. Napoleon was able to mobilize 20,000 of these highly trained and motivated sailors to fight in his army. They proved to be excellent soldiers. Fighting mainly with Marmont’s VI corps, the “Marines” were an important part of the French army, and fought till the end in 1814 with great skill and valor. These Marine units continued to fight for France long after the Napoleonic Wars ended and received unit citations for their combat as recently as Bosnia; Kosovo and, in this century, Afghanistan. Finally, Napoleon was able to call up a large and excellent contingent of National Guard troops. In the summer of 1812, Napoleon was able to mobilize 80 “Cohortes” of National Guard troops. La Bataille de Bautzen 1813 Page ! of ! 3 4

The French were able to give them the aggressive training to defend “la patrie.” These “cohortes” would end up becoming Line regiments 135eme through 156eme. These 20 regiments and the 134eme (the Paris Guard) were raised to establish the backbone of the new army for the next two campaigns as they marched off to Central Germany. The “Cohortes” regiments fought better than expected, and gave a stout stability to the entire French army. French Develop Numerical Superiority in Spring Campaign The National Guard and other sources of troops gave Napoleon the backbone of his army. When Napoleon marched his new army to Erfurt in April of 1813, he would have a numerical superiority over the Coalition forces during the Spring campaign. But still, counting the Cohortes; the Marines; and the Spanish forces which became the Guard, that only provided 120,000 relatively good quality troops. Given the heavy casualty rates the French had throughout the Spring campaign, the long-term prospects for French survival in Germany were not good. Complicating Napoleon’s implementation of his plan was that he continued to think that all of these troops would do what he wanted them to do. But there were two problems with his thinking. First, his commanders were not what they once were. For example, Ney in 1813 is not the same as Ney in 1812. On more than one occasion, Ney made either staff errors or command errors in judgement which inhibited his command’s actions. Second, his troops were not at the same level tactically as they might have been in 1809 or even 1812. They were not as strong; did not have the endurance; and did not have the training. The troops would literally melt away during their marches to battlefield; and then once they were in battle; would not perform, for the most part, at the same levels they did in previous campaigns. After the Spring campaign concluded it was determined the French lost more than 100,000 troops to desertion or illness. In addition, the French army suffered 50,000 casualties in the Spring 1813 campaign. The perfect example is the performance of Ney and his command in the Bautzen battle. Napoleon had a solid plan for Ney to get behind the Coalition army; and if the Emperor’s plan was just a little closer to implementation, the French victory might have been far greater. but Ney’s execution seemed too be always just a little short. Ney was always a little slow to move his troops to where they needed to be. In the end, the French reconstruction of the army allowed them to be ascendant in Germany for at least a few months. However, the French could never get to where they wanted to be. Napoleon’s decision to allow for an armistice was the killer for the French aspirations.

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Alexander I:Spiritual Leader of the Sixth Coalition The purpose of this piece is not to provide a biography of Tsar Alexander. Whatever his lives and loves may have been before and after the brief period of time of the drama that was Bautzen; Alexander was the protagonist in the drama of the Sixth Coalition. We hope to lead the reader to understand better just how the Tsar becomes the spiritual leader of the Sixth Coalition.

Tsar Alexander I

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Alexander led a contradictory life during the entirety of his reign—a reign filled with abrupt changes in political direction, as well confusion in the bureaucratic initiative in Russia; this was coupled with an increasing sense of spirituality in his personal life as the Tsar got older. This, in turn, increasingly led to a confusion of just who Alexander was in the final years of his reign. However, for a few of those years from 1812-1814, Alexander would prove himself to be the backbone of the Sixth Coalition and, subsequent to the fall of Napoleon, the master of Europe. Why this didn’t continue is not the subject of this piece. Alexander’s Spiritual Mission As early as 1801, Alexander had described Napoleon as “the oppressor of Europe and disturber of the world’s peace.” Even in those early years, Alexander believed his spiritual mission was to combat the evil of Napoleon. His was a willing ally with Austria in 1805 in their war against France. Russian failure at Austerlitz would not stop Alexander’s willingness to ally himself with Prussia in 1806. Despite Russian success at Eylau, Friedland would be a Russian disaster but Napoleon would not be as exacting as he was with Austria and Prussia. Instead what developed after the Battle of Friedland for Alexander and Napoleon after the battle of Friedland, was what in, 21st Century terms, is described as bromance. This was solidified by the Tilsit treaties and the Congress of Erfurt. And while Napoleon and Alexander continued this flirtation for a short period, the pressures Napoleon’s Continental System put on the Russian economy led Alexander to renounce the Russian participation in Napoleon’s British blockade in 1810. This and several other complicated diplomatic events led to the end of the “bromance” and the French invasion of Russia in 1812. Once the invasion occurred Alexander acted as if he was possessed with the destruction of Napoleon. The French invasion of the Russian motherland seemed to invigorate Alexander, and he grew into a leadership role that inspired the Russian people and more importantly the Russian armies. During this war, Alexander earnestly began a spiritual journey that would take him many places during the rest of his reign, which ended in 1825. He seemed genuinely disturbed by the destruction of his realm occurring because of Napoleon’s invasion. Despite the Russian defeat at Borodino and Napoleon’s occupation of Moscow, Alexander refused to come to the peace table with Napoleon and Moscow is destroyed by a fire. Instead, the Russians and a savage Russian winter hounded the French out of Russian territory as the fateful year 1812 comes to an end. Even though the French were gone, Alexander did not want to stop, and sent his army, almost battered as much as the French, deep into Germany. On February 28, 1813, the Russians and Prussians agreed to an alliance, known as the Convention of Kalisch; and shortly thereafter, the Sixth Coalition was formed with the British. By March, the Coalition army was as far west as Leipzig, pressuring Eugene and the remnants of the Grand Armée at Magdeburg on the Elbe River.

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Napoleon, who was always preparing for war, had managed to start building another army in the summer of 1812 that would be ready to come to the colors in 1813. The Emperor had left the Grande Armée in December 1812 and had worked feverishly in France assembling this new army. Alexander, Commander-in-Chief Napoleon rejoined the French army at Erfurt in late April of 1813 to start the new campaign. Meanwhile, Alexander, who had been with the Russian army as it expelled the French from Mother Russia, was billeted with the Russian Guard and would see first hand the German War of Liberation. In fact, Tsar Alexander would stay with the Russian army, with some minor exceptions, from Lutzen through Leipzig. Alexander was considered the overall commander-in-chief of the Coalition forces. Many was the time that the Coalition was ready to break apart and give up the war, but Alexander would counsel perseverance in continuing the war. After the Coalition defeat at Lutzen and their subsequent retreat, the Coalition generals were convinced by Alexander (with the Prussian King’s support) that they must stop and stand to face Napoleon. While the Bautzen battle should be seen as a Coalition loss, the Coalition performance, as inspired by Alexander, was enough to convince Napoleon that he should agree to an armistice a few days later. A decision that Napoleon admits, while on St. Helena, was one of the worst of his career, as it gave the Coalition enough time to build its armies and alliances leading to the French defeat at Leipzig It was in 1813 that Alexander had his first experience with the Moravian spiritual communities that would influence his remaining life and provide much of Alexander’s spiritual inspiration. There are reports he actually visited some of these communities and took inspiration from the examples those communities would provide to a Europe filled with war for more than a generation. After Leipzig, the Tsar had pushed the Coalition armies to invade France. However, as the 1814 campaign commences, the Prussians and the Austrians both were manhandled by Napoleon. And both nations wanted to end hostilities and let Napoleon survive in power. However, Alexander held firm, and the French ascent would soon peak. The Coalition would take Paris and Napoleon would be forced to abdicate. In 1814, Alexander would meet another spiritual director in France, Madame von Krüdener, was also influenced by the Moravians. This spiritual relationship between the Russian Tsar and the Baltic German mystic would spill over into every aspect of Alexander’s life, including the creation of the diplomatic Holy Alliance. In the end, the machinations of the Austrian Metternich would torpedo the spiritual aspects of the Holy Alliance, and Alexander’s influence would decline as time passed. His unexpected death in 1825 would only create another controversy as there were

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Did the Tsar become the Monk, Feodor Kuzmich? rampant rumors that the Tsar really didn’t die, but, in fact, secretly abdicated and became the Siberian monk, Feodor Kuzmich. He allegedly lived till 1864. The rumor continued as the Soviet regime attempted to exhume the body from Kuzmich’s grave, but the grave was empty.

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La Bataille de Bautzen 1813 - Spécial Rules

TERRAIN EFFECTS

MOVEMENT

Clear

1

Hamlet /Village / Town* 3 Earthworks - Front 5 Inf / Cav and Artillery Prohibited Carp Ponds Eintritt Verboten – retreat or PGD into = elim. Entrenchments (see rule) 5 Inf / Cav and Artillery Prohibited Swamp** 4 Inf / Artillery and Cav. Prohibited Woods* 4 Inf / 5 Cav / Artillery Prohibited Garden* 2 Inf / 2 Cav / 4 Art Slope (Up or Down) Inf +2/ Cav +3 / Art +4 Road ½ when in Road March formation Bridge (Spree) 3 to cross in Road March Streams Inf +3 / Cav +5 / Artillery +4 Bridge (Stream) Inf +2 / Cav +4 / Artillery +2 in Road March formation Ford Inf +4 / Cav +9 / Art. not allowed Spree** Inf +5 / Cav. +10 / Art. Prohibited except bridges / fords

Woods Pathway* 3 Inf / Cav +3 / Artillery Prohibited Schieβscharte 4 Inf / Cav and Artillery Prohibited

*Infantry / Cavalry forms general order in this terrain. Units with a Skirmish Ability may Skirmish in these hexes if they so elect. ** Only Infantry in Skirmish Order may enter a Swamp or cross Spree Hex Type Road March through a Hamlet, Village or Bautzen is 2 movement points per hex

S

TA CKI NG

Clea r 1 Infa ntry Regi men t or 8 Infa ntry

1

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La Bataille de Bautzen 1813 - Spécial Rules

Increments or

18 Cavalry Increments or 6 Artillery Increments or 12 Infantry & 1 Battery

Hamlet /Village / Town 1 Infantry Battalion or Garden 6 increments of Infantry 4 Artillery Increments or

1 Infantry Battalion & 1 Battery 1 Cav. Regiment

Earthworks 1 Infantry Battalion & Up to 3 artillery increments Cavalry - nicht erlaubt Entrenchments 1 Infantry Battalion

Swamp

1 Infantry Battalion in Tir. Order

Woods /Woods Path

1 Infantry Battalion or 1 Cavalry Regiment Artillery may not enter

Carp Ponds Eintritt Verboten, nür Karpfen

Road / Bridge

4 Increments in Road March

Schieβscharte 1 Battalion or 6 increments. No Artillery or Cavalry.

In Clear terrain, no more than 3 Infantry Battalions may be stacked together regardless of total In Clear terrain, no more than 3 Cavalry Regiments may be stacked together regardless of total (This means you may stack 3 x 6 increment Cavalry Regiments in a clear hex but not 4 x 4 increment Regiments.)

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La Bataille de Bautzen 1813 - Spécial Rules

INFANTRY UNIT FIRE VALUES ( All Disordered formations fire at half strength)

French

Ligne Légère Marin Garde National Gd. Nat. Light

Column

Printed

Printed

Printed

Line

X 3 X 3

X 3 X 3

X 3 X2

Carre

X 3

X2 X2

General Order

Printed

Printed

Printed X2

Skirmish –if noted

X 3

Prov. Ligne Prov. Légère

Column

Printed

Printed

Line

N/A N/A

N/A N/A

Carre

General Order

Printed

Printed

Skirmish- if noted

X 2

Jeune Garde T /V Fusilier G/C

Vieille Garde G/C

Column

Printed

Printed Printed

Line

X 3 X 3

X 4 X 4

X 5 X 5

Carre

General Order

Printed

Printed

Printed

Skirmish-if noted

X 3

X 3

X 5

French Allies

Italien Rheinbund Foreign Velites (Tur /Flo)

Column

Printed

Printed

Printed Printed

Line

X 2 X 2

X 2 X 2

X 2 X3 X 2 X3

Carre

General Order

Printed

Printed

Printed Printed

Skirmish – if noted X2

X2

X2

Russian

Grenadier Jaeger Guard Gd. Jaeger Infantrie Printed Printed Printed Printed Printed

Column

Line

X 3 X 3

X 3 X 3 X 4 X 3 X 3 X 5

X2 X2

Carre

General Order

Printed Printed Printed Printed Printed

Skirmish

X3

X4

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La Bataille de Bautzen 1813 - Spécial Rules

Prussian

Infantrie Jäger Grenadier Fusilier Normal

Column

Printed Printed Printed

Printed Printed

Line

X 3 X 3

X 3 X 3

X 3 X 4

X3 X4 X3 X3

Carre

General Order

Printed Printed Printed

Printed Printed

Skirmish

X5* X4

Prussian Guard and Schützen

Garde Fus. Gd Schützen Gd. Jäger Reserve Printed Printed Printed Printed Printed

Column

Line

X 3 X 3

X 4 X 3 X 4 X2

Carre

X 4 X 2 X 2

X2

General Order

Printed Printed Printed Printed Printed

Skirmish

X4

X4* X5*

*Schlesien Schützen and Jägers / Gd. are rifle armed and fire X4 or X 5 adjacent, X3 at 2 hexes, and X2 at 3 hex range

TERRAIN FIRE DEFENCE VALUES

Column Line

Carre

General Skirmish Disorder/Rout Artillery

Clear

9 4

12

14

6/8*

French

6

Prussian 6 Russian 6

Swamp

12

14 16 16 16 16 16

Woods / Pathway

10 12

Garden Hamlet Village Bautzen

10

12

6/8*

10 10 12 10

12 16 6/8*

14 14

7/9*

8/10* 10/12*

Earthwork

N/A

Entrenchment NA 12 13 15 6 Carp Pond Eintritt Verboten

Schieβscharte 11 *Artillery Fire Defenses are Limbered / Unlimbered  If a hex has infantry and artillery present, the Fire Defense is 2 less than for infantry alone unless the infantry formation is in Carre  Formations fired upon thru the flank have a fire defense of 6  Formations fired upon thru a rear are normal  Formations add 1 to the Fire Attack die roll for every increment in a target hex, over 9.  Formations in Road March have a fire defense of 4.

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La Bataille de Bautzen 1813 - Spécial Rules

FIRE ATTACK MORALE CHECKS French

Provisoire Ligne Infantrie will check with every increment loss Provisoire Légère Infantrie will check with every increment loss Cohort Infantrie will check with every even-numbered increment loss Ligne Infantrie will check with every even-numbered increment loss Légère Infantrie will check with every even-numbered increment loss Jeune Guard will check with every even-numbered increment loss Fusilier Guard will check with every even-numbered increment loss Vieille Guard will check with every even-numbered increment loss Marin Infantrie will check with every even-numbered increment loss

Cavalrie Formations will check with every increment loss Artillerie Formations will check with every increment loss

French Allied Italien Infantrie / Velites will check with every even-numbered increment loss Rheinbund and French Foreign Infantrie will check with every increment loss

Cavalrie Formations will check with every increment loss Artillerie Formations will check with every increment loss

Russia Infantrie and Jaeger formations will check with every even-numbered increment loss Grenadier formations check with every odd-numbered increment Guard Infantrie / Gd. Jaeger formations will check with every even-numbered increment loss

Cavalrie formations will check with every increment loss Artillerie formations will check with every increment loss

Prussia All Prussian Infantrie, Grenadier, Jäger, Garde, Gd, formations will check with every even-numbered increment loss. Reserve and Fusiliers which check with every odd-numbered increment loss

Kavallerie formations will check with every increment loss Artillerie formations will check with every increment loss CARRE REALIZATION TABLE

French /Marin

CARRE

DISORDER ROUT

When forming from Column 4 Movement Points

11-62 11-56 11-33

63- 66 61-66 34-54 22-51

3 Movement Points 2 Movement Points 1 Movement Point

55-66 52-66

1-21

When forming from Line 4 Movement Points

11-53

54-65 66

3 Movement Points 11-36

41-54 23-52 16-44

55-66 53-66 45-66

2 Movement Points 1 Movement Point

11-22 11-15

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La Bataille de Bautzen 1813 - Spécial Rules

French Foreign, Rheinbund CARRE DISORDER

ROUT

When forming from Column / Line 4 Movement Points

11-52 11-46 11-36

53-61 51-55 35-52 23-45

62- 66 56-66 53-66 46-66

3 Movement Points 2 Movement Points 1 Movement Point

1-22

Personalities MINUS their Infantry melee (def) value from the die roll, if present in the hex French Vieille Guard Battalions MINUS nine from the die roll French 1ere Guard Battalions MINUS four from the die roll French 2e Guard MINUS two from the die roll If Cavalry is Light ADD three to the die roll If Cavalry is Lance Armed ADD six to die roll If the defender is on a morale level ADD three to the die roll for each level Line of sight of cavalry on a Carre starts in the next hex when the cavalrie leaves the Carre Additions are not cumulative. Russian CARRE DISORDER ROUT

When forming from column 4 Movement Points 11-52

53-65 66

3 Movement Points 2 Movement Points 1 Movement Point

11-41 11-26 11-15

42-56 31-46 16-36

61-66 51-66 41-66

When forming from line 4 Movement Points

11-64 11-62 11-32 11-31

65 66

3 Movement Points 2 Movement Points 1 Movement Point

63-64 33-55 32-45

65-66 56-66 46-66

Personalities MINUS their Infantry melee (def) value from the die roll, if present in the hex Grenadiers MINUS three from the die roll Guard MINUS six from the die roll If Cavalry is Light ADD three to the die roll If Cavalry is Lance Armed ADD six to die roll If defender is on a morale level ADD three to the die roll for each level Line of sight of cavalry on a Carre starts in the next hex when the cavalrie leaves the Carre. Additions are not cumulative.

Prussian

CARRE DISORDER

ROUT

When forming from column 4 Movement Points 11-63

64-65 66

3 Movement Points 2 Movement Points

11-45 11-35

46-55 36-55

56-66 56-66

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1 Movement Point

11-25

26-45

46-66

When forming from Line 4 Movement Points

11-64 11-52 11-32 11-22

65 66 53-61 62-66

3 Movement Points 2 Movement Points 1 Movement Point

33-53 23-44

54-66 45-66

Personalities MINUS their Infantry melee (def) value from the die roll, if present in the hex Grenadiers, Guard or Normal MINUS three from the die roll Jägers and Schützen ADD two to the die roll If Cavalry is Light ADD three to the die roll If Cavalry is Lance Armed ADD six to die roll If defender is on a morale level ADD three to the die roll for each level Line of sight of cavalry on a Carre starts in the next hex when the cavalrie leaves the Carre

CAVALRY RECALL

FRENCH 2-6 successfully recalls FRENCH GUARD 2-6 successfully recalls SAXON 2-6 successfully recalls RHEINBUND 4-6 successfully recalls ITALIEN 4-6 successfully recalls RUSSIAN Light Cavalry 3-6 successfully recalls RUSSIAN Heavy Cavalry 4-6 successfully recalls RUSSIAN Guard 3-6 successfully recalls PRUSSIAN Light Cavalry 2-6 successfully recalls PRUSSIAN Hussars 2-6 successfully recalls PRUSSIAN Heavy Cavalry 3-6 successfully recalls RUSSIAN Cossacks 5-6 successfully recalls

Personalities who have a cavalry modifier and are commanders of the unit, add one to the die roll.

CAVALRY CHARGE MORALE MODIFIERS

Condition Defending Infantry/Artillery Charged in flank minus 12 to die roll Charged in rear minus 6 to die roll In skirmish order minus 12 to die roll In Line plus 3 to die roll In disordered state minus 6 to die roll In routed state unit suffers pursuit loss In square plus 6 to die roll If charged by Lancers minus 6 to die roll

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If charged by Heavy Cavalry Charge across a Slope Hexside Charge into town, woods or swamp

minus 3 to die roll plus 3 to the die roll

interdit Charge into a Redoubt interdit Charge into a Carp Pond nicht erlaubt

PRE MELEE MORALE CHECK MODIFIERS

Odds

Attacker minus 6 minus 3

Defender

1/2 1/1 2/1 3/1 4/1

plus 6 plus 3

plus 3 plus 6 plus 9

minus 3 minus 6 minus 9

5/1 & over

INFANTRY MELEE MORALE MODIFIERS:

Condition Modification to the Die Roll : Attacker Defender Defender is assaulted in flank Minus 12 Defender is assaulted in rear Minus 6 Defender is in Skirmish order No check Minus 6 Defender is in Line Minus 3 Defender is in Square Plus 6 Defender is Disordered Minus 3 Defender is Routed Minus 6 Attacker is assaulting up a slope Minus 2 Plus 2 Attacker is assaulting across a stream, w/ ford or bridge Minus 6 Plus 6 Attacker is assaulting across the Spree, at a bridge Minus 12 Plus 12 Attacker lost an increment due to defensive fire Minus 3 for each Elite Infantry……. Morale of 15 or 16 Minus 6

Morale of 13 or 14 Minus 9 Morale of 11 or 12 Minus 12

MELEE VALUE MODIFIERS Summary:

Condition Modification to the Melee Value : Attacker Defender

Assaulted in flank Assaulted in rear

X 2

X 1.5

Disordered (Infantry / Artillery)

X .5

X .5

Road March

X .25

Infantry in Skirmish order

X .5

Infantry Attackers vs. Defender in Carre X 1.5 Infantry Routing

X .33

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Cavalry Charge 3 hexes straight X 2 Heavy Cavalry attacks Light Cavalry (front hexside) X 2 Heavy Cavalry in line X .5 X .5 Cavalry is Tired X .5 X .5 Cavalry is Exhausted X .33 X .33 Cavalry elects to stay Fresh X .33 X .33 Cavalry Attacker vs. Carre X .33 Cavalry in Skirmish Order X .5 X .5 Cavalry in General Order X .33 X .33 ARTILLERY SPECIAL RULES

A French Batterie á Pied may limber with a roll of 4, 5 or 6. A French Batterie á Cheval may limber with a roll of 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. A French Batterie de la Guard does not have to roll to limber. A French Allied Batterie a Cheval may limber with a roll of 3, 4, 5 or 6. A French Allied Batterie a Pied may limber with a roll of 4, 5 or 6.

Prussian Batterie zu Fuß Artillerie may limber with a roll of 5 or 6 Prussian Batterie reitende Artillerie may limber with a roll of 4, 5 or 6.

Russian Position Battery may limber with a roll of 6. Russian Light Battery may limber with a roll of 5 or 6. Russian Horse Battery may limber with a roll of 4, 5, or 6. Russian Guard Battery may limber with a roll of 5, or 6.

All batteries which wish to limber must roll one die to do so.

Leaders with an artillery bonus number add one to this roll.

Special Terrain Types and Notes

Towns

Bautzen. All other hexes which contain buildings are considered Villages.

Any single building by itself is considered a Hamlet

Spree Bridges & Fords

Spree -Units may not melee across the Spree except at bridges and fords. Only one battalion; or one regiment of cavalry may assault across a Spree Bridge or ford hex side at any point in time. Cavalry may only be in Road March when crossing a bridge hex side. Cavalry may not charge through a bridge or ford hexside. All cavalry formations that move through a bridge or ford hexside, add six to their printed morale until their next morale recovery segment; in addition to any other modifiers. This represents regrouping after the crossing.

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Woods Pathway

Infantry and cavalry may move from one pathway hex to another using the movement chart. Units on the pathway are in General Order or Skirmish. Woods pathway hexes act as woods except for facilitating faster movement.

Swamps

Only infantry formations in Tirailleur (skirmish) order may enter swamp hexes. Units may not melee out of the swamp. Melee values attacking into or defending in the swamp are x .25 of printed. Units may not advance into the swamp as a result of combat. Units forced to retreat into a swamp are eliminated

Eichberg (Weissig)

This is a height that commands a view of the surrounding area and is designated on the map. No other terrain or units block line of site from this location.

Earthwork

The Earthworks have 4 front hexsides and 2 rear. Fire defense of the Earthworks through the front hexside is fourteen and through the rear is six. Units may move to enter the Earthworks only from the rear hexsides as it is treated as a clear terrain hex move. Note: a melee result is the only way to enter an earthwork through the front hexsides. A single infantry battalion may enter through the rear of the Earthwork either defensively to stack with and support the batterie or single battalion may assault the earthwork to capture it. The batterie may only fire through the front four hexsides of the Earthwork. Melee through a front hexside is minus 12 to the attacker’s morale check and any assaulting infantry is halved in melee factors. The unit in the earthwork does not have to check morale if attacked through the front hexsides. Assaulting through the rear hexside is treated like clear terrain.

Once set-up guns may be repositioned within the Earthwork hex. They would be rotated to face any of the front hexsides and could fire in the turn they repositioned.

Cavalry may charge or melee only through the rear hexside. However, cavalry may not enter the Earthwork as a result. The defending units would suffer any result.

Entrenchments

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Entrenchment counters are placed at the discretion of the Coalition player on either Gorschakov’s or Miloradovich’s front. The entrenchments would be placed in between or around Earthworks in a clear terrain hex. These are felled trees, enhanced natural obstacles and actual trenches, constructed to assist the infantry’s defense.

 Russian infantry / jaegers may be in any formation except Column, Carre or Road March in an entrenchment  Cavalry may not charge into or through this terrain  The unit in an Entrenchment does not have a defensive pre-melee morale check. The attacker does not get an advantage in their pre-melee morale check because of odds.  Once the French move into an Entrenchment hex, the Coalition has one turn to occupy the hex 0r the Entrenchment counter is removed for the remainder of the game.  There is no pre-melee improvement for Grenadier or Guard Infantry in this terrain. They would be in general order for fire defense and offensive fire in the hex  Artillery or cavalry may not occupy this hex. If forced to retreat into the hex, the cavalry would immediately rout and the artillery be eliminated.  French infantry may only melee into an Entrenchment hex with a single battalion attacking from each adjacent hex.  Entrenchments have no front, flank or rear. Any unit in this hex has only front facing

Carp Pond / Karpfen Teich Entering the Carp Ponds is prohibited. These areas are a series of deep and muddy ponds. They are commercial fisheries. Units retreating or PGD into a Karpfen Teich are eliminated. No, there is not a carp vs. man melee table. The carp always win.

I k biun gilovod

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Schieβscharte Positions

These positions are special village hexes that has been improved over several days with firing holes established in stone fences and buildings walls. They act as defensive strong points.

 Schieβscharte position hexes are treated as villages and the units inside would be in General Order or skirmish but with no rear hex  The fire value of a unit in a Schieβscharte hex is 2 x the printed value on the counter (general order) or its skirmish fire value  No artillery or cavalry is allowed in the hex  Cavalry may not charge or melee into this hex  Coalition units in the Schieβscharte hex do not perform a defensive, pre-melee morale check

Windmill

A windmill is placed on the map for historical reference and is a victory condition objective. The structure has no special defense. The Russians placed earthworks on the height to protect Gleina.

Spree River

The Spree River may not seem so formidable because it is somewhat. However, it did have steep banks with a marshy bed and grounds on either side with clayey soils. Notice all of the surrounding lakes. Any type of support transport; ammo caisson; officer’s horses; or other horse conveyances would have difficulty crossing from one side to the other. Thus bridges and fords are important in allowing all of a unit to cross, intact. French units often waited until a trestle was completed or burnt bridge was repaired before making an offensive move that involved crossing the Spree. They did send a few skirmishers forward.

Infantry and cavalry that are forced to retreat across the Spree are routed and must roll one die. An odd roll and the unit loses one increment. An even roll and the unit loses two increments.

Artillery forced to retreat across the Spree are eliminated

Units forced off of the map

All units forced off the map by combat must wait for two turns before re-entering. To re-enter they may not be PGD. Therefore it may be necessary for PGD units to wait off the board until they are successful with their morale roll. They would re-enter within three hexes of their off map exit if the leader of the division or corps is sitting on the selected entry hex. In other words, the leader must accompany them back onto the map. Use a box to designate the location and so the units don’t get misplaced.

Garden

This is a vegetable garden and therefore it does not block the line of site. The corn is not as high as an elephant’s eye.

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Roads and Fords

Any road that crosses a stream or river is considered a ford.

Prussian Regions

This map will assist in defining the origin of the Prussian Army units and the German-speaking French Allies.

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