La Bataille de Prusse 1809

La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806 © by Marshal Enterprise

Four Napoleonic Battle Games including the Roberts Award winning “Halle ”

These Games are Copyright Protected ©

La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806© By Marshal Enterprises

Table of Contents

1. Cover Page 2. Introduction Page 3. Why 1806? 4. Dr. Reeves Window on the World 5. Special Rules

a. General Information and Tables

i. Morale Level Charts

b. Battle Specific Rules

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© Marshal Enterprises 2017

La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806© By Marshal Enterprises c. Acknowledgements d. Order of Battle 6. Counter Values and Facing 7. In the Year 1806 8. The Age of Napoleon’s Most successful Man 9. Battles

a. La Bataille de Saalfeld 1806 b. La Bataille de Jena 1806 c. La Bataille de Jena 1806: D'histoire alternative

i. Set-up Maps

ii. Saalfeld Alternative

d. La Bataille d’ Hassenhausen 1806 e. La Bataille d’ Halle 1806 with scenarios 10. Premier Rules (Updated August 2017)

11. Prince Louis Musician 12. Campaign Victory Result

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© Marshal Enterprises 2017

La Bataille Pour La Prusse 1806--- Le Raison d’Etre …Can the Prussians Improve Their Performance in 1806 and Set the Stage for a Coalition Victory in 1807?

More than 200 years have passed since the great French victory at Austerlitz and the even grander victories at Jena and Auerstedt. Yet, despite the grandeur of the French victories there are still questions to the student of the period about what might have happened differently. Even though they are overwhelming defeated at

Austerlitz, the Russians come back for just a year later and give the French all they can handle in the Winter and Spring campaigns in 1807. And despite the Prussian collapse in the four battles presented in this publication-- -Saalfeld; Jena; Hassenhausen and Halle, the Prussians somehow soldier on, and manage to hold on to work with their Russian allies to almost pull out victories at Eylau; hold on to the fortress at Danzig for several months; and keep the French occupied throughout Poland and East Prussia into June 1807 before Friedland breaks the Fourth Coalition. So the premise of these games in this package is that the Prussians could have done things much differently, and had they done so, the outcome might have been much different to what our history reveals. As discussed in another piece in this package, the news of the day clearly was leaning towards coalition victories in both 1805 and 1806….the outcomes at Eylau especially, but also at Danzig and Friedland could have perhaps been changed. Here is a review of each of battles presented and a discussion of some of the key factors which could have changed and perhaps changed the outcome. Saalfeld: Prussian Elegy Could Have Changed To Prussian Celebration

The French surprised Prussians and their Saxon allies in early October 1806 by moving across frontiers and through the Thuringian forests in their battalion carre , where all of the French troops were in close communication with one another. The French, under Murat’s screen of light cavalry had pushed aside the Prussians and Saxons with their mixed command at the Battle of Schleiz on October 9. Here, the weaknesses of the Prussian command system were felt, as they would be at Saalfeld; Jena and Hassenhausen. The Prussian system was

Warum 1806 ?

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just too convoluted and indecive. And at Saalfeld, though the Prussians had good cavalry, they would not use it like the French to screen their enemy from damaging contact. On October 10, the commander of the Prussian forces, Prince Louis Ferdinand misread the communications coming from the Prussian high command and thought he was to defend Saalfeld against Marshal Lannes and General Suchet. The town of Saalfeld was actually a difficult town to defend since it was in the lowland next to the Saale River. Marshal Lannes was able to bombard the town with some effectiveness and start to assail the Prussian lines from an advantageous angle. Prince Louis Ferdinand, seeing that his lines had been compromised, panicked and personally led the charge of the Prussian horseman onto the French. This inopportune charge resulted in his death. The Prussian lack of leadership depth after the Prince’s death would be just the first example of several more to come where Prussians simply could not operate effectively once their leader was gone. In the Marshal Enterprises game, if the Prussians are able to do even a little better than they did in the original battle, then the subsequent battle of Jena will provide the Prussians a more effective order of battle and the French will be delayed somewhat as to portions of their army’s arrival. Jena: Prussians Could Have Had A Better Army And Deployment There is no doubt that Jena is perhaps the least competitive of all the major Napoleonic battles. But it could have been different. If the Prussians prevail at Saalfeld, then maybe they have a better chance at Jena. The Prussians had magnificent cavalry, and if just a portion of that

cavalry would have been able to exit off the battlefield, then perhaps some of those troops would have been able to further delay the occupation of Prussia; or perhaps they would have been able to go to the eastern reaches of Prussia and provide more support for their Russian allies,

or extend the siege of Danzig in some fashion.

Marshal Enterprises has created the ultimate what if scenario…. La Bataille de Jena: D’histoire Alternative… what if the bulk of the Prussian army had been able to unify with the troops at Jena and perhaps a Prussian victory at Saalfeld…then perhaps the French would not have been able to roll up the big victory; French losses would have been heavier; and more Prussians would have been able to cross the Oder river into eastern Prussia. Would Napoleon have been able to prevail at Eylau ?; or would have Danzig been besieged longer?; or perhaps Prussians would have fought at Friedland

Warum 1806 ?

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leading to a reversal of fortune for the French? For the French, none of these future victories were sure things…just 5000 more Prussians at any of these places may have made a significant difference. Hassenhausen: A Fresh Approach The battle at Hassenhausen with Davout defeating the Duke of Brunswick is also no sure thing. For one thing, had the Prussian commander, the Duke of Brunswick not been mortally wounded, and then perhaps the Prussian army could have survived. But being led by the Prussian King was too much like the Hohenzollern prince Louis Ferdinand leading the Prussians at This was the original Marshal Enterprises game, after helping to create Moscowa with Larry Groves. Based on all of our subsequent designs, we looked to take a fresh approach for this battle. Thus Hassenhausen is not just a copy of Auerstadt but entirely fresh approach. It is now a two map battle with more complex grand tactical considerations.. The Prussians have several options; either they can try for a decisive victory by exiting a sizable force off the map or seek a lesser victory by inflicting losses on the French and seizing the key road network Halle: The Last Reserve In The West The final battle of this quartet was the Battle of Halle. Again, the Prussians failed to use their extensive cavalry to good effect. And again, the Prussians were plagued with an Saalfeld. The talent simply was not there for the Prussians to have the direction they needed against the resolute Davout and his III Corps generals.

awkward order of battle that ill served the Prussian commander, the Duke Wurttemberg, with a poor organization. And again, the Prussians were failed by the lack of a cohesive plan---just like the other three battles. A better approach for the Prussians would have been to have better defended the Saale crossings and move the Prussian Reserve Korps to Magdeburg in Saxony where the remnants of the shattered Prussian army could coalesce for a more spirited defense of Brandenburg and rest of Prussia. This might have delayed the ultimate Prussian collapse.

But history only has what happened and not what might have happened.

Warum 1806 ?

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Halle was originally a free print and play game featured on the Marshal Enterprises website. As such, it won the Charles Roberts Award. The Impact On 1807 As can be noted, any increase in Prussian activity in 1807 would have made it much more difficult for the French to prevail. Our Friedland game has pointed out how tired and demoralized the typical French soldier was in Winter and Fall of 1807. Think what a few more Prussians in Danzig might have done. What might happen if five or six of the crack Prussian cavalry regiments were in Poland in the Winter of 1807. Would Eylau become a major French defeat? Prussian arrogance, ever so present during our quartet of battles, might have continued to prevail and the Prussians would continue to be doomed. However, a small change in one battle or the other may have led to the Fourth Coalition prevailing in the winter of 1807 . Why Four Games Instead Of One?

Napoleon used the superior movement of the French Army to set-up battles in 1806 where the Prussians were at a distinct disadvantage. By publishing any one battle, the Prussian player would consider themselves at a distinct disadvantage. Also, the four battles taken singularly are rather small in troop numbers. (More the size of a large scenario). Combing all four battles in one package, completes the campaign of 1806. By tying the games together, the Prussian has a real chance to derail French ambitions. The French must be very aggressive to maintain the extent of their victories. However by delaying, inflicting damage and

keeping their own forces intact, the Prussians have a chance at victory.

The Prussians cannot necessarily stand toe to toe with the French and battle their enemy to a standstill. The Prussians must take their limited advantages and strive to keep their forces intact. The battles contained in this release can be played by two players, to a conclusion. Use the Campaign Victory Result to determine the ultimate victory. The much larger Jena battle will require multiple players and many days to complete,

In a word, the French must be aggressive and the Prussians crafty.

Warum 1806 ?

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Despite Big Victories, French Were Not Expected Victors

Review of the World of Austerlitz & Jena News of the Day Becomes Trap That Foils Anticipation Of Coalition Victories In Both 1805 and 1806.

The Battles of Austerlitz and Jena were grimly fought more than 200 years ago, but what actually happened and how it was perceived at the time has, for the most part, receded into the mists of myth, and shrouded by legend and to that what might have really happened has become what we have wished it to be. The legends swirling around Napoleonic glory have replaced the daily grind of what might have really happened in the moment. The reality of the events leading to the great Bonapartist achievements have long been lost in our own consciousness to what we have imagined it to be---either the great victories as perceived by Napoleon’s supporters, or as great evils by his many detractors after over two centuries of subsequent events.

But what if what had happened during those events of more than 200 years ago are viewed more through the prism of the contemporary vision in which those events were presented as an ongoing set of occurrences playing forth as a series of news events coming out of Austria, Moravia, Saxony and Brandenburg in the fall and winter of 1805- 6, and thus forcing us to look at the memorable events as contemporary problems that Napoleon, and his Third Coalition opponents, needed to manage rather than to reflect upon. Several original source documents were used in the authorship of this piece---especially the journal of the English physician, Dr. Henry Reeves, as well as after action battle reports from several Russian commanders reporting after their defeat of at Austerlitz; and life in the Prussian courts as reported by Dr. Reeves, but also considered in the life of Prince Louis Ferdinand, the magnificent musician, but only a middling, at best, general. Prussian court life would be oblivious, if not contemptuous, of the Revolution personified by Napoleon sweeping throughout Germany. During the middle weeks of October 1805, Napoleon had accomplished his historic maneuvers in moving from the English Channel to the depths of southern Germany with his new creation, La Grande Armée , which directly led to what has been described as the Capitulation of Ulm, and was moving towards Vienna when our story begins.

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Doctor Reeves Chronicles The World of Austerlitz & Jena

Dr. Henry Reeves was an English physician trained at the University of Edinburgh where he took his medical degree in 1803. That famous institute of higher learning was at that time the center of much of the English-speaking world’s scientific and literary activity. Reeves, not unlike the many of this generation who studied at Edinburgh, were caught up in the beehive of intellectual hub-bub then occurring in the United Kingdom. His letters reveal one day a meeting with the elder Disraeli, father of the future prime minister; and then meeting the great poet Samuel Coleridge the next. He was also a close friend of the famed English chemist Sir Humphrey Davy, and an acquaintance of the famed botanist and champion of Australia, Sir Joseph Banks. Rather than take up the scalpel, Reeves decided to travel to Central Europe to study the culture; history and science of that time. He spent the first few months of his journey in Neuchatel to study his French. He was in Neuchatel shortly before that small state was plucked from the Prussians to create a principality for Napoleon’s Chief of Staff, Marshal Louis-Alexandre Berthier. This would be just one of the many grievances the Prussians would let fester in the deteriorating relationship with the French which would lead to war in the following fall.

Now French was the language of choice throughout Europe for the upper classes. Boning up on his French in what was then the Prussian principality of Neuchatel was a necessary deviation. So if Reeve wanted to communicate with Prussians; Russians; Austrians or any German for that matter, then he

better perfect his French. In his journal, Reeve discusses a dinner party he attended in Vienna with people from several nations in attendance. The only German he heard was a rough version of the Teutonic language spoken to the servants by the Austrian hosts. The rest of conversation in the Hapsburg capitol was French. After he left Neuchatel, Dr. Reeve’s arrived in the Bavarian city of Ratisbon---aka Regensburg---on September 30, 1805, just three weeks before Ulm surrenders to Napoleon, was an opportune event for historians. Reeve was in central Germany just as the Prussians became enraged with French Marshal Bernadotte’s violation of the neutrality of the Prussian principality of Anspach on October 3. This relatively minor

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incident was the source of considerable resentment by the Prussians toward the French, and is considered one of the sources of war between the French and Hohenzollerns just a year later. That this well-educated and well-connected Englishman just happened to be in Austria, right before and after Austerlitz, and then later in Dresden, Berlin and Hamburg right before the 1806 campaign, proved to be good fortune for the English-speaking world. Reeve presents an open window to the French-Third Coalition War swirling around the Austerlitz campaign, and then the origins of the war with the French and the Fourth Coalition. As Napoleon and Murat are packing the unfortunate General Mack into a blood sausage in Black Forest, Dr. Reeves starts his Journal of a Residence in Vienna and Berlin in the Eventful Winter of 1805-1806, a memoir that covered everything from surly inn-keepers in Bavaria; to the dining habits of the Viennese; and to all the descriptions of the efficient French diplomats and soldiers as they governed Vienna and the rest of Austria till the Peace of Pressburg, which was signed on December 26, 1805 following the French overwhelming victory at Austerlitz earlier in the month. He then visits several cities in Germany including Dresden; Berlin and Hamburg before returning to England in the spring of 1806. His post-Pressburg travels out of the Austrian Empire and into Saxony and then Berlin itself reveals how dysfunctional the Prussian perspective on the Napoleonic juggernaut that were then changing Germany. His journal is a neutral though colorful vision of what was going on around him. He spoke truthfully of both the French and the Austrians, though his comments about the Russians tended to be harsh and critical. His comments on the Prussians and the rest of Germany’s attitude towards them explain much as to why the French were successful in turning much of Germany against Prussian state. As Dr. Reeve fine-tuned his French in Neuchatel and argued with inn-keepers in Vienna, Napoleon’s La Grande Armée of 210,000 French and 25,000 Bavarians had managed to confuse and befuddle General Karl Mack as his 72,000 man Austrian Army was seduced into advancing and into and invading Bavaria—how unwise! The ultimate result, after a series of small battles and clever moves by the French, was the Capitulation of Ulm. In a month of aggressive movement by the French, moving from its encampments along the English Channel and then scurrying over much of Germany with the then revolutionary corps d’armée, and kept invisible by Prince Joachim Murat’s reserve cavalry, the Austrians were soon surrounded in the area around Ulm and lost over 60,000 men—mostly from surrender. Just 12,000 men were able to slip away in small detachments to fight again later in the campaign. However, the reader should note, that with all of the French marching and maneuvering from Boulogne to Bavaria, and the various small battles in Germany, the French forces had fallen below Advancing Into and Invading Bavaria—How Unwise!

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200,000. However, the Capitulation at Ulm on October 20, 1805 was merely the final act in what had been a French-penned melodrama.

But this denouement was not the end of the story.

The French, led mainly by the vainly Murat, went down the Danube in a series of dashing moves, which led to the surprise capture of Vienna by Napoleon’s brother-in- law on November 13, 1805. However, the French did not attain the Austrian capital without substantial cost. The Russians, who had arrived onto the scene, fought hard

along with the remaining Austrians to inflict substantial and growing losses upon the French and Bavarians in other small battles in the Danube Valley before the fall of the Hapsburg capital. After the fall of Vienna, there are two concurrent events working at cross-purposes. First, the losses sustained by the French in lead-up to the capture of Vienna were only accentuated by further losses at Schoengrabern for the French on November 16 as they moved north from Vienna into Moravia. The truth was that the French army was shrinking, and the French were stretching their lines of communications even further as they moved further from Vienna.

Dr. Reeve observed how the French lived off the land, “…the infantry march very quick and go 12 leagues per day (36 miles); they get forward by forced marches without baggage, without any encumbrance; they live upon the inhabitants of the towns they pass through. Almost every soldier has a loaf of bread and a bit of meat on the end of his bayonet or on his knapsack. Many officers also carried their provisions with them.” The scarcity of provisions and fodder for the horses was also diminishing La Grande Armée . Dr. Reeve comments “some of the infantry were badly clothed, but marching with glee to victory. And he notes, “the weather is excessively cold with a dry, piercing, frosty wind,” confirming what the French were facing, a harsh debilitating winter already in place. The Russians were proving to be rigorous opponents to the French, much more so than what the French had faced in the Austrian army. “Numbers of wounded are brought in, the poor French soldiers, many of them with their ears cut off by the savage Russians. An officer, who had served four campaigns, told me he had never suffered so much, and the army never endured such hardships as the present: no tents, no baggage, obliged often to sleep on the ground, in cold winter weather with little or nothing to eat, and sometimes even with nothing to drink but water. “

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French Failure At Schöngrabern

The second concurrent event was a double headed monster for the French. First, more and more Russians were coming into the theatre. The French failure at Schoengrabern to catch the Russians, allowed the two Russian armies under Prince Mikhail Kutuzov and the Estonian German Frederick Count Buxhowden to unite with more than 70,000 Russian prior to the Austerlitz battle. There were even more Russian and Austrian forces in the area just a day or two from the main Coalition forces. Then there was the miracle of Austrian mobilization. Dr. Reeve reports in his journal about the Austrians, “The mode of recruiting the (Austrian) armies is violent and severe but very effectual. In the towns, every man is obliged to put down his name, a certain number are selected by the magistrates ad libitum (at his pleasure). In the country and villages, an order is sent to the seigneur or proprietor of the estate for him to furnish so many recruits; he then assembles whom he pleases. This arbitrary measure excites great disturbance; and the mothers and wives come and lament the loss of one who took care of the corn and tilled the ground with them; but when they are assured of having a hand given to them to supply the place of him who is sent away, they are quite content. The loss of a son or a husband because he is such, is never thought of; the breaking asunder all the ties is scarcely felt, for very little affection or sympathy exists among them.” This Austrian form of conscription allowed the Hapsburgs to once again assemble a new army.

Writing shortly after news of Mack’s surrender at Ulm, Dr. Reeve commented….”it is astonishing how great the resources of Austria are in men; her armies have several times been wholly cut off, and in six months another army has been ready to take the field. The Aulic Council (the Austrian High War Council) told a prince four years ago (1801) that the Austrians had lost 1,150,000 men since the Turkish war, that is, within the space of 15 years or thereabout.” Reeves wrote several times about his witness of the aggressive recruitment of new formations just in the short time between Ulm and

Austerlitz by the Austrians. So as the French march further away from France in both distance and time, the Coalition armies grow stronger in relationship to what initially had been perceived to be the French juggernaut. The question remains how much of this perception was fed by Napoleon’s desire to convince the Coalition that they indeed had the upper hand and thus seduce the Coalition into a battle not on their terms, but on terms of the Emperor of the French; and how much was based upon the reality of an overextended and hungry French army

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which was ready to be collapsed by an aggressive coalition of Russian and Austrian armies. Napoleon has led historians to believe that the former was true---that the Coalition was trapped into battle on Napoleon’s plan.

Engaging a Hungry and Overextended French Army

But the condition of the French was not advantageous by any stretch of the imagination, and had Alexander’s plan to isolate the French from their line of communication on December 2 had somehow been successful, today’s historian might be writing on the genius of Alexander and how he wore Napoleon out during the battle of December 2 by engaging a hungry and overextended French army in a battle they never should have joined. The evidence of the time showed that the Russians and Austrians had the advantage, and that it would be no surprise if they had overwhelmed the ragged French at Austerlitz. News from the Battle of Trafalgar had also done its part to create a perception of French failure. The King of Naples abrogated his treaty with the French upon hearing of Trafalgar and threw his lot in with the Coalition that fall. Russian, British and Neapolitan forces combined forces in Italy and marched north. However grim that sounded to the French at the time, of course, the French recovered, sowing the seeds for Naples becoming yet another fiefdom of the Bonaparte family with first Joseph, and then Prince Murat, sitting on the Neapolitan throne. However, in the moment, the Coalition had the advantage as it would appear the French world was collapsing around them. Dr. James Shosenberg, a Canadian historian writing for Military History Magazine in 2005 in an article about the Austerlitz campaign…” What was worse for the French, on October 30, Archduke Charles had attacked Masséna at Caldiero (in Northern Italy), then skillfully extricated his powerful army from Italy and disappeared into the Alps. There, he had combined his army with Archduke John’s, and the two brothers were now moving north. Napoleon was in trouble, and he knew it. The Grande Armée was deep in enemy territory, his immediate force was heavily outnumbered and huge coalition reinforcements were on the way. Moreover, Prussia, impressed by Third Coalition successes, was showing great interest in joining it. To win the war, all Kutuzov had to do was avoid battle.”

Napoleon’s Undercutting Of The Coalition Plan

But Napoleon knew that he could overcome the perceptions of the time, or better yet the headlines of the day, by a carefully designed plan that would undercut the Coalition plan.

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As Austerlitz took place, the perceptions of a ragged and undermanned French army were swept away. The battle reports coming from the Russians after Austerlitz suggested something else entirely. Despite the supposed precariousness of the French positions, reports from at least four of the Russian column commanders suggested that the French must have had 150,000 or even 200,000 soldiers at Austerlitz. Here is what each of them

said:….Prince Peter Bagration wrote to Kutuzov eight days after the battle on December 10, 1805…”having received Your Excellency’s disposition to defend my position at Proedlitz until Count Buxhowden turned the enemy right flank, I was firm in my decision to successfully carry out, but superior enemy columns, both cavalry and infantry attacked me early on”…for Bagration, the battle was lost due to the superior enemy forces. Buxhowden, for his part, reported of the success of his columns and their attacks, and had it not been for the failures of the other parts of the Russian army, the Russians might have carried the day…”all senior and lower ranks of the 2 nd Column attacked the enemy with incredible gallantry, repulsed the enemy attacks as hard as they could, but unfortunately were overwhelmed by the much superior enemy.” General Count Mikhail Miloradovich (a Serb in Russian service) reported that his column…”thus began a battle in which four Russian regiments mustering some five thousand men and two Austrian battalions resolutely fought 28,000 enemy troops (as it was later established)”…Miloradovich blames Austrian failures for his defeat, and assumes the mantle of savior of the Russian army. His column became the only element stopping the Russians being overrun completely at the battle. Miloradovich and his feisty small band of Russians holding off somehow Marshal Jean-de-Dieu Soult’s massive attack on the Pratzen Heights. The greatest victory was apparently achieved by General Przhebishevsky’s forces of the Third Column. He reported to Kutuzov, “having defeated the enemy and completely secured the crossing site, I was completely surrounded despite all my endeavors….before being finally captured by the enemy.” He further reports that “although did not achieve complete success in the battle, but commemorated it with their steadfast faithfulness to you (Kutuzov).”

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The Generals Reported that the Numbers of French were Vastly Superior

Each one of the generals reported that the numbers of French were vastly superior to the Russians and Austrians. Historians writing subsequent to the battle must have missed these reports, because only 70,000 French (with some of Davout’s troops coming late) were reported on the battlefield.

That the contemporary reports bely the subsequent history should not be too

surprising…as Dr. Reeve wrote in his journal shortly after Austerlitz,….”The disastrous results of the battle (for the Coalition) were due in part to the presence of the Emperor Alexander, who had been persuaded by his flatters that he could command an army and meet Napoleon on equal terms.” The Coalition planned by the present perception of the time, while Napoleon planned by how he knew the Coalition would be seduced by his moves and how he would use those

Coalition perceptions to fool the Russians and Austrians into thinking he was not up to the quality of the Coalition strategic prowess. The outcome at Austerlitz was clearly unexpected by the participants; proving once more that battles need to be won and not merely calculated. The beguiling news of the day was merely the trap into which the contemporary observers became ensnared during their mistaken evaluation of events. Despite all the reporting of the impending doom of the French, the fact remains that the French were at high tide in the fall of 1805, and Austerlitz was the masterpiece of Napoleon’s fertile career. Yet despite Napoleon’s masterful victory and the resultant Peace Pressburg signed on December 26, 1805, the Prussians were almost oblivious to what had just happened to Austria. The Austrians either deserved their defeat; the Russians were not worthy of battlefield consideration; or the Prussians were better because they were the successors of Frederick the Great. Any excuse for looking at French victory through some smoke filled prism was used. But as Doctor Reeve reported in his journal during his visit to Dresden; then Berlin and then finally Hamburg, the Prussians were not loved in Germany, and the French would be able to exploit German dislike of Prussian leadership for almost any reason.

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Prussia Nurtures Grievance Over Loss Of Anspach

The arrogance of the Prussians would be the source of their blindness as to their position versus the French; and that blindness would allow the French mastery of the battlefield in 1806 as it did in 1805. For example, during his visit to Dresden in March 1806 the Prussians communicated to Reeve, and that was confirmed by the Russians, that despite the Prussians being given Hannover, an English

possession and far more important than the tiny state of Anspach, the Prussians were still nursing grievances against the French for the Anspach surrender to the Bavarians. Prussia just would not accept the reordering of the hodgepodge that was the Holy Roman Empire in Central Germany to the Confederation of the Rhine. When Dr. Reeve visited Hamburg, as the last stop in his tour of Germany, he learned that the people of Hamburg did not like the Prussians and had no intention of following their leadership—the so-called crime of the Anspach breach of neutrality withstanding. In fact Hamburg was part of the French sphere of influence by choice till 1814. As late as a century later in 1914, Hamburg had strong reservations of a Prussian-led German empire. And many of the same reasons given for the French success over the Prussians in 1806 would replicate the reasons given for the French success over the Austrians and Russians in 1805. Austerlitz and Jena would represent the high point of the French success in Central Europe, but much of that success was the result of attitudes of Europeans as reported by Dr. Reeve.

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Marshal Enterprises Special Rules

La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806©

ME

NAPOLEON CONQUERS PRUSSIA THE BATTLES OF SAALFELD, JENA, HASSENHAUSENAND HALLE

La Grande Armée Prusse 1806 Use this chart to record Morale Levels at each hour

Morale Levels

Leader

Organization

Napoleon and Staff

MdE Bessiers

Garde

2, 3, 5

MdE Bernadotte

I Corps

5, 10, 14

MdE Davout

III Corps

7, 14, 21

MdE Soult

IV Corps

5, 10, 15

MdE Lannes

V Corps

5, 10, 15

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La Grande Armée Prusse 1806 Use this chart to record Morale Levels at each hour

Morale Levels

Leader

Organization

MdE Ney

VI Corps

3, 7, 10

MdE Augereau

VII Corps

4, 8, 12

French Corps

Garde

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

minus 3 to all morale rolls minus 6 to all morale rolls minus 9 to all morale rolls

minus 0 to all morale rolls minus 3 to all morale rolls minus 9 to all morale rolls

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Marshal Enterprises

Fourth Coalition Prussia 1806 Use this chart to record Morale Levels at each hour

Morale Levels

Leader

Organization

v. Braunschweig

v. Preussen

2. Division

3, 5, 7

v. Wartensleben 3. Division

3, 5, 7

v. Schmettau

4. Division

3, 5, 7

v. Kalkreuth

Reserve Koprs

4, 7, 11

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

minus 3 to all morale rolls minus 6 to all morale rolls minus 9 to all morale rolls

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Marshal Enterprises

Fourth Coalition Prussia 1806 Use this chart to record Morale Levels at each hour

Morale Levels

Leader

Organization

v. Hohenlohe v. Grawert

2. Division

3, 6, 9

v. Zezschwitz

3. S. Division

3, 6, 9

`

v. Trauentzien

4. Division

3, 5, 7

v. Prittwitz

5. R. Division

3, 5, 7

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

minus 3 to all morale rolls minus 6 to all morale rolls minus 9 to all morale rolls

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Marshal Enterprises

Fourth Coalition Prussia 1806 Use this chart to record Morale Levels at each hour

Morale Levels

Leader

Organization

v. Rüchel

v. Saxe-Weimar- Eisenach

1. Division

4, 7, 11

v. Württemberg

Halle Reserve

4, 7, 11

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

minus 3 to all morale rolls minus 6 to all morale rolls minus 9 to all morale rolls

Avant Garde Formations do not use morale levels

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La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806©

TERRAIN EFFECTS

MOVEMENT

Clear

1

Hamlet /Village / Town*

3

Wood / Forrest

3 Infantry / 5 Cavalry / Artillery Prohibited (use road)

Garden

2 Infantry/ 2 Cavalry / Artillery Prohibited

Garden Wall 2 Infantry / Cavalry and Artillery Prohibited

Hassenhausen Wall 4 Tirailleurs / 6 inf. In column Cavalry and Artillery Prohibited

Halle City Wall 6 tirailleurs/jägers –fusiliers (skirmish order only)

Slope Up / Down

Infantry +2 / Cavalry +3 / Artillery +4

Road

1/2

Stream

Infantry+1 / Cav +2 / Art +3

Ford Infantry N0 Effect / Cav +1 / Art +2

Swamp 4 Inf. / Cavalry Prohibited/.Artillery Prohibited

Bridge *

1, ½ in Road March

Raised Bridge/ Road** (Hoch Brücke - Halle) 1

Sunken Road (Hassenhausen) see scenario specific rules

River Prohibited (See special Rules)

* Roads do not continue through towns, villages or hamlets

** When crossing a raised bridge hex side or moving from one raised road hex to another; Infantry, may only form column, skirmish or Road March. Cavalry must be in R oad March

Cavalry may not Charge over a bridge or along a raised road. Cavalry may only melee with only the increments in that hex. (4 max.) Artillery must be in Road March

When combat formations enter a raised bridge hex from a non road hex, do so by paying to cross a slope hexside.

Streams are considered to be between hexes, not in a hex

Special Rules

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La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806©

There is assumed to be a ford where ever a road crosses a stream hexside unless a bridge is shown on the map. STACKING (Increments)

Clear

1 Infantry Regiment or 18 Infantry Increments or 1 Cavalry Regiment or 18 Cavalry Increments or 6 Artillery Increments or 12 Infantry & 1 Battery

Hamlet* /Village*/Town * 1 Infantry Battalion or 1 Cavalry Regiment or 1 Battery or

1 Infantry Battalion & 1 Battery

Road 4 Increments in Road March

Sunken Road (Defense) 5 increments in line per hex facing the slope

Hoch Brücke (Halle) 4 Increments in Road March

Bridge 4 Increments in Road March

Swamp* 1 Infantry Battalion, or Cavalry Prohibited Artillery Prohibited Woods / Garden * 1 Infantry Battalion, or 1 Cavalry Regiment Artillery Prohibited

*Infantry / Cavalry forms general order in this terrain. Units with a Skirmish Ability may skirmish in these hexes if they so elect

In Clear terrain, no more than 3 Cavalry Regiments may be stacked together regardless of total (This means you may stack 3 x 6 increment Cavalry Regiments in a clear hex but not 4 x 4 increment Regiments)

Cavalry units attacking into general order terrain use the 1/3 of the combat value . There are no charges into villages, forests, swamps, hamlets or other general order terrain.

A hamlet is a single, isolated village hex

Special Rules

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La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806©

TERRAIN CHART

INFANTRY UNIT FIRE VALUES

French

Italian Dismounted

Ligne

Legere

Guard Legere

Dragoons

Column

Printed

Printed

Printed Printed Printed

Line

X 3 X 3

X 3 X 4

X5 X5

X3 X2 X3 X2

Carre

General Order

Printed

Printed

Printed Printed Printed

Skirmish

X 3

X5

X3 NA

Disordered formations fire at half strength

Prussian

Guard /

Infantrie

Jäger Grenadier Fusilier

Column

Printed

Printed

Printed

Printed

Line

X 3 X 3

X 2 NA

X 4 X 4

X 3 X 3

Carre

General Order

Printed

Printed

Printed

Printed

Skirmish X 3 Two Hexes X 2 Three Hexes X 1 Disordered formations fire at half strength

X 3

Saxon

Infantry Grenadier

Column

Printed

Printed

Line

X 2 X 2

X 2 X 3

Carre

General Order Printed Disordered formations fire at half strength Printed

Special Rules

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La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806©

TERRAIN FIRE DEFENSE VALUES

Column Line

Carre

General Skirmish Disorder/Rout Artillery

Clear / Road** 6 9 4

12

14

6/8*

Forest /Wood 10 14 16

Garden

10 14 16

Hamlet

10

12 16 6/8*

Village / Town

10

12

16

7/9*

Thru Halle Wall hexside Not Allowed

Thru Hasssenhausen Wall See Hassenhausen Scenario rules (-6 to the die roll)

Swamp

8 12 14

Thru Bridge** hexside 10 10 4 10 14 16

Raised Bridge** (Halle) 6

Sunken Road See Hassenhausen Scenario Rules for complete details

*Artillery Fire Defenses are Limbered / Unlimbered If a hex has infantry and artillery present, the Fire Defense is 2 less than for infantry alone unless the infantry formation is in Carre Formations fired upon thru the flank have a fire defense of 5 Formations add 1 to the Fire Attack die roll for every increment in a target hex, over 9. **Formations in Road March have a fire defense of 4. Formations fired upon thru a rear are normal. Infantry line formations of seven or more increments have a fire defense of 6.

Special Rules

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La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806©

FIRE ATTACK MORALE CHECKS

French Ligne Infantrie will check with every even numbered increment loss Legere Infantrie will check with every even numbered increment loss

Guard Infantry will check with every third increment loss Cavalrie Formations will check with every increment loss Artillerie Formations will check with every increment loss

Italian Du Po et du Corse Tirailleurs will check with every even numbered increment loss. Prussian / Saxon Prussian Infantrie, Jägers, Fusiliers will check with every odd increment loss Prussian Grenadiers will check with every even increment loss Prussian Guard Battalions will check with every even increment loss

Saxon Infantry and Grenadiers check on odd loses Kavalrie or Artillerie will check with every loss CARRE REALIZATION TABLE

French

CARRE

DISORDER ROUT

When forming from Column 4 Hexes 11-66 3 Hexes 11-66 2 Hexes 11-43

44-61 32-54

62-66 55-66

1 Hex

11-31

When forming from Line 4 Hexes

11-64 11-45 11-32 11-22

65-66 46-61 33-55 23-53

3 Hexes 2 Hexes 1 Hexes

62-66 56-66 54-66

Personalities MINUS 6 from the die roll if present in the hex Legere MINUS 3 from the die roll Guard Battalions MINUS 6 from the die roll Foot Dragoons ADD 3 to their die roll Italians ADD 2 to the die roll If Cavalry is Light ADD 3 to the die roll If Cavalry is Lance Armed ADD 6 to die roll If defender is on morale level ADD to the die roll, 3 for each level

Special Rules

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La Bataille pour la Prusse 1806©

Prussians / Saxon* CARRE DISORDER

ROUT

When forming from Column 4 Hexes 11-54

55-63 43-55 34-51 26-44

64-66 56-66 52-65 45-64

3 Hexes 2 Hexes 1 Hexes

11-42 11-33 11-25

When forming from Line 4 Movement Points

11-66 11-56 11-35 11-25

3 Movement Points 2 Movement Points 1 Movement Point

61-64 65-66

36-56 26-54

61-66 55-66

Prussian / Saxon Personalities subtract their morale up to 6 from the die roll if present in the hex Prussian Grenadiers MINUS 3 from the die roll Fusiliers MINUS 3 from the die roll Jägers may not form Carre

If Charging Cavalry is Light ADD 3 to the die roll If Charging Cavalry is Lance Armed ADD 6 to die roll If defender is on morale level ADD 3 to the die roll for each level

CAVALRY RECALL

FRENCH Dragoons 3-6 successfully recalls FRENCH All other 2-6 successfully recalls PRUSSIAN Hussar 2-6 successfully recalls PRUSSIAN Dragoon 3-6 successfully recalls PRUSSIAN Kuirassier 3-6 successfully recalls SAXON Heavy 2-6 successfully recalls SAXON Light 2-6 successfully recalls

Personalities who have a cavalry modifier add 1 to the die roll

CAVALRY CHARGE MORALE MODIFIERS

Condition Defending Infantry/Artillery Charged in flank: minus 12 to die roll Charged in rear minus 6 to die roll In skirmish order minus 12 to die roll Defender in Line plus 3 to die roll In disordered state minus 3 to die roll

In Carre

plus 12 to die roll plus 6 to die roll minus 6 to die roll minus 3 to die roll

Across a steam hexside within 3 hexes of the target

If charged by Lancers

If charged by Heavy Cavalry

Charge into town, woods or swamp

not allowed

Special Rules

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PRE MELEE MORALE CHECK MODIFIERS

Odds

Attacker minus 6 minus 3

Defender

1/2 1/1 2/1 3/1 4/1

plus 6 plus 3

N/A N/A

plus 3 plus 6 plus 9

minus 3 minus 6 minus 9

5/1 & over

INFANTRY PRE MELEE MORALE MODIFIERS:

Condition Modification to the Die Roll : Attacker Defender Defender is assaulted in flank Plus 12 Minus 12 Defender is assaulted in rear Plus 6 Minus 6 Defender is in Skirmish order No check Minus 6 Defender is in Carre Plus 6 Defender is Disordered (D) Plus 3 Minus 3 Defender is Routed (PGD) Plus 6 Minus 6 Attacker is assaulting up a slope Minus 3 Plus 3 Attacker is assaulting across a stream Minus 3 Plus 3 Attacker lost an increment due to defensive fire Minus 3 for each Elite Infantry varies see Elite Rule Prussian Morale Modifiers for Formation To Stand

All Prussian / Saxon Infantry and Grenadier types have morale modifiers for the following types of formations:

Line ADD 3 to the die roll Carre ADD 6 to the die roll Skirmish Order ADD 3 to the die roll (Fusiliers and Jägers) Disorder MINUS 3 from the die roll PGD MINUS 6 from the die roll Road March MINUS 12 from the die roll

ALL MODIFICATIONS ARE RELATED TO THE PRINTED MORALE OF THE UNIT

Special Rules

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MELEE VALUE MODIFIERS:

Condition Modification to the Unit Melee Factor : Attacker Defender Defender is assaulted in flank X 2 Defender is assaulted in rear X 1.5 Defender is in Skirmish order X .5 Defender is Disordered X .5 Defender is Routed X .33 Cavalry Charge 3 hexes straight X 2 Heavy Cavalry attacks Light Cavalry X 2 Cavalry Attacker is Tired X .5 Cavalry Attacker is Exhausted X .33 Cavalry Defender is Tired X .5 Cavalry Defender is Exhausted X .33 Cavalry Attacker vs Carre X .33 Cavalry attacking into or from General Order X .5 Cavalry Attacker across a stream hexside X .66 Infantry Attackers vs Defender in Carre X 1.5 Infantry Attacking across a Stream Hexside X .66 Prussian / Saxon Infantrie* in Towns /Villages / Hamlets X .66 X .66 *Does not included Guard, Grenadiers, Fusiliers and Jägers

When a mutual retreat is indicated on the combat matrix the defender retreats first and then the attacker retreats.

Infantry may not join into a melee when cavalry is involved with cavalry. Infantry and / or artillery could be placed adjacent to the enemy cavalry and provide offensive or defensive fire.

Special Rules

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MORALE LEVELS

Morale Levels are not used for Saalfeld

French Imperial Guard 8 battalions

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

2 battalions lost or routed 3 battalions lost or routed 5 battalions lost or routed

minus 0 to all morale rolls minus 3 to all morale rolls minus 9 to all morale rolls

The Dragons a’ Pied are attached to the Guard but do not count in the calculation of Morale Levels

French I Corps (Halle)

24 battalions

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

5 battalions lost or routed

minus 3 to all morale rolls

10 battalions lost or routed minus 6 to all morale rolls 14 battalions lost or routed minus 9 to all morale rolls

French III Corps 35 battalions

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

7 battalions lost or routed

minus 3 to all morale rolls

14 battalions lost or routed minus 6 to all morale rolls 21 battalions lost or routed minus 9 to all morale rolls

French IV Corps 26 battalions

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

5 battalions lost or routed

minus 3 to all morale rolls

10 battalions lost or routed minus 6 to all morale rolls 15 battalions lost or routed minus 9 to all morale rolls

French V Corps 25 battalions

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

5 battalions lost or routed

minus 3 to all morale rolls

10 battalions lost or routed minus 6 to all morale rolls 15 battalions lost or routed minus 9 to all morale rolls

French VI Corps 17 battalions

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

3 battalions lost or routed 7 battalions lost or routed

minus 3 to all morale rolls minus 6 to all morale rolls

10 battalions lost or routed minus 9 to all morale rolls

French VII Corps 20 battalions

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

4 battalions lost or routed 8 battalions lost or routed

minus 3 to all morale rolls minus 6 to all morale rolls

12 battalions lost or routed minus 9 to all morale rolls

Special Rules

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